David asks…
Similarities and differences between pre-industrial society and industrial society?
Could anyone help me with answering this question?
I can answer some differences between these two like in industrial society, the production of the goods were done by powered machine rather than by humans hands like pre-industrial society. Defference is that pre-industrial society was more like an agricultural economic society, right?
but i can’t think of any similarities between these two…….. please someone help me!!!!
admin answers:
Some attributes of the pre-industrial societies
* Limited production (i.e. Artisanship vs. Mass production)
* Primarily an agricultural economy
* Limited division of labor. In pre-industrial societies, production was relatively simple and the number of specialized crafts was limited.
* Limited variation of social classes
* Parochialism—Social theories hold that communications were limited between human communities in pre-industrial societies. Few had the opportunity to see or hear beyond their own village. In contrast, industrial societies grew with the help of faster means of communication, having more information at hand about the world, allowing knowledge transfer and cultural diffusion between them.
* Pre-industrial societies developed largely in rural communities. Capitalism developed largely in urban areas.
Social and economic attributes of the post-industrial society
Daniel Bell provides six changes in social structure associated with the transition to a post-industrial society:
1. Within the economy, there is a transition from goods production to the provision of services. Production of such goods as clothing and steel declines and services such as selling hamburgers and offering advice on investments increase. Although services predominate in a wide range of sectors, health, education, research, and government services are the most decisive for a post-industrial society.
2. The importance of blue-collar, manual work (e.g., assembly line workers) declines and professional (e.g. Lawyers, doctors, and engineers) and technical work (e.g. Computer programmers) come to predominate. Of special importance is the rise of scientists (e.g., specialized engineers, such as genetic or electric). Many mining towns and similar settlements face large scale unemployment as a result of the increasing importance of both theoretical knowledge with a simultaneous decline in manufacturing and increasing importance of environmentalism. Many industrial towns residents are on benefits, such as the dole.
3. Instead of practical know-how, theoretical knowledge is increasingly essential in a post-industrial society. Such knowledge is seen as the basic source of innovation (e.g., the knowledge created by those scientists involved in the Human Genome Project is leading to new ways of treating many diseases). Advances in knowledge also lead to the need for other innovations such as ways of dealing with ethical questions raised by advances in cloning technology. All of this involved an emphasis on theoretical rather than empirical knowledge and on the codification of knowledge. The exponential growth of theoretical and codified knowledge, in all its varieties, is central to emergence of the post-industrial society.
4. Post-industrial society seeks to assess the impacts of the new technologies and, where necessary, to exercise control over them. The hope is, for example, to better monitor things like nuclear power plants and to improve them so that accidents like that at Three-Mile Island or Chernobyl can be prevented in the future. The goal is a surer and more secure technological world. The doctrine of the precautionary principle is sometimes used in preventing the worst aspects of new technologies, such as cloning and genetic engineering, when there is no evidence of their negative impact.
5. To handle such assessment and control, and more generally the sheer complexity of post-industrial society, new intellectual technologies are developed and implemented. They include cybernetics, Game theory and Information theory.
6. A new relationship is forged in the post-industrial society between scientists and the new technologies they create, as well as systematic technological growth, lies at the base of post-industrial society. This leads to the need for more universities and university-based student. In fact, the university is crucial to post-industrial society. The university produced the experts who can create, guide, and control the new and dramatically changing technologies
Jenny asks…
Advice for first-time puppy owners?
I am picking up my new 3mo old yorkie puppy in a week, and want to feel as prepared as possible. Any tips or recommendations for first-time puppy owners?
Specific tips on this breed will greatly be appreciated.
(Items already bought: exercise pen, crate, bed, blanket, dry puppy food, collar and tag, toys, dog wipes, stainless steel food bowls, dog brush)
admin answers:
Forget the pee pads as someone recommended & just teach the pup to potty outside!
Housebreaking is time-consumming and hard. Don’t expect him to master this until 1-1/2 yrs old. Small dogs often times don’t have good signals that they want to be let out, try researching Bell training. Easy & worth a try, I have good luck with it. Don’t be afraid to use the crate…many times ALOT in the first months! If pup can’t be with you put him in the crate. Better to not have a chance to pee in the house than to fix a problem. Use a leash if you must to keep the pup near you when washing dishes etc. Baby gates are great ideas for puppies. The biggest mistake people make when housebreaking is giving the pup too much house too quick. Another housebreaking tip you may find helpful is pups usually need to poop in the morning but they are so excited to say HI and start the day that they may pee & want back in. SO I always take them out to pee, feed breakfast, then back outside until #2 happens. This generally solves the problem of pups coming back in to poop behind the recliner. LOL
For a first time puppy owner I always recommend obediance classes. Talk to friends and find a good one in your area. This will teach YOU much about K-9 behavior & how to train your pup. Yes, as someone mentioned, terriers are fun lovin great dogs but can be very tenacious. Love your baby but don’t spoil it by allowing it to get away with undesirable behavior. Training starts the first day in your home. That pup will be quickly assessing who leads your family & where they rank. Good Luck!
Oh, you seem to have all the proper supplies. I love the fact you new enuf to go with stainless dishes! Might want to make an appointment now for the pups first vet check. Many breeders require a pup to get in within 2-3 business days to “activate” the warranty. In some areas it is hard to get in for an appointment on such short notice. As far as brush, a pin brush and comb are the proper grooming utensils for this breed.
Nancy asks…
how can a 13 yr old get abs fast?
admin answers:
This depends on your definition of fast. If you’re trying to look good in a bikini by satruday, um there’s nothing you can do except wear a good fitting one piece with stomach support. (These are cuter in my opinion and give you more confidence)
Any diet and exercise routine take a while for others to start seeing visible results. For abs I recommend abs of steel, its still one of the best ab work outs out there you can do without buying any equipment. Pilates work outs are also great for abs.
For diet, don’t worry about calorie intake as much as fat intake. At 13 your body NEEDS A LOT OF CALORIES because it is still growing. What it doesn’t need is fat. Eating 2000 calories a day for a 13 year old doesn’t make you fat if it’s all low fat food, it does however pack on extra fat if all your eating is french fries and taco bell. Do not eat anything that has more than 15-20% of it’s calories coming from fat. (10% or less is even better if you want to loose fat quickly. Notice I didn’t say weight you’re still growing!!!)
As far as quick fixes for your appearance goes follow these rules:
Stop drinking pop, eat slower, do not chew gum. Gas makes the stomach bigger.
Wear clothes that fit….period. Some 13 year olds look better in women’s sizes rather than Juniors because of the way their bodies develop. If you fall into this category buy the size 6 or 12 or whatever women’s petite instead of the 3 or 13 or 19 Juniors! It will look so much better on you. Better department stores carry very fashionable and young looking women’s clothes. Never wear clothes that show off your mid-section there just isn’t any good reason. It only shows flaws. Buy a good fitting bra that supports your breats correctly. Get measured at a good department store. If you can’t afford the bras there get measured at the department store and then buy the bra at walmart. A good fitting bra will always make you look lighter.
Quickest Fix: Buy a gertle or a half corsette. I like the kind that stop just below your bra. This will shape you and no one has to know about it while you’re trying to loose weight. They are not that uncomfortable. I wore one almost every day throughout high school and still do. (I’m thin and healthy but it still helps my body image because theres no way real people can have perfect curves without some help) Even movie stars have revealed this as being their secret to always looking super thin. (Let’s face it there are certain times of the month when we’re just not.)
At 13 you still have a lot of growing to do. In pre-adolesance your body is in fat storeage mode because of all the growing you have to do. That’s why exercise is so important. DO NOT GO OVERBOARD. Growth spurts during mid and late teens tend to take care of any mid-section fat by itself. But it never hurts to exercise and eat healthier. (DO NOT CUT CALORIES AT 13) If you want immediate results buy a gertle! This works wonders. Spanx are also great.
Robert asks…
a y word for ancient china?
no dynasty please
rivers dont count sorry.
admin answers:
It’s too bad rivers don’t count because they were vital to the survival of ancient China and are still quite important to modern China. In fact, the Yellow River is called the “Mother River” and is considered to have the cradle of Chinese civilization.
However, moving on from that topic, how about
Yo-yo?
The Chinese YoYo, also known as Tzuh-ling, empty bell, pulling bell and wind bell, was created so long ago that there is no known inventor. Originally, the Chinese YoYo was made of wood or bamboo. Today, as a result of modern technology, most Chinese YoYos are composed of two durable plastic wheels and a joining steel rod and constructed so that the center of mass is located precisely at the middle of the steel rod where the string pivots the YoYo. With the weight evenly distributed, the performer can execute really fantastic tricks without fear of breaking the Chinese YoYo.
It is interesting that the Chinese YoYo can be used by people of any age for play or moderate exercise. There are many wonderful tricks that can be performed by using your hands, fingers, legs, neck and even the waist. Individuals who use the Chinese YoYo for fifteen minutes a day improve their coordination, flexibility, stamina and strength, resulting in a nimble body and a sharp mind. For many families, exercising with the Chinese YoYo is an opportunity for everyone to share time together in an enjoyable and healthy activity.
Http://www.chineseyoyo.org/
Good luck!
Betty asks…
Things to buy for a Kitten!?!?!?!?
Hopefully buying a kitten this weekend. I have not bought anything yet. Kittens are about 9 weeks old. I am getting one domestic Tabby, Male. What are must things to buy since its a cat and also since its a kitten? Examples are: what kind of litter box? what brand of litter? kitten food? toys? cleaning supplies? little bed? etc……….. cant wait!
admin answers:
Well, I am going to list a lot of stuffs here, some you already know but maybe not enough and some you might not know.
New Kitten Checklist:-
Food
(find out what she is eating prior to coming home to you, keep the same food if it is a high quality brand. If you need to change, transition slowly by mixing the old and new food together)
Water
(filtered water would be the best, you can also invest in a water fountain if you like. Petmate and Drinkwell are popular ones)
Food/Water Dish
(Kittens and cat like to eat and drink from shallow bowl. Dog bowls are not suitable because they are deeper and cats do not like to get their whiskers wet or soggy. Stainless steel and ceramic are the best. Avoid double serving dishes – keep a separate dish for food and water)
Grooming Tools
(short haired cats require less grooming than long haired. Invest in good quality clippers, brush, flea comb, wet wipes, and I like to use a chamois cloth to give my kitty’s coat a high sheen and glow after grooming. The furminator is also a good tool to help with controlling excessive shedding. Kitten do not need to be bathed unless they get very dirty/messy)
Litter and Litterbox
(She will need at least one litterbox for your kitten. To begin with, choose a smaller one where the sides are lower so she is able to climb in and out easily. Remember, not all cats like a covered litterbox. It is only convenient for the owner.
There are many kinds of litter to choose from and I personally prefer clumping litter made from natural biodegradable ingredients like corn, wheat and pine)
Scratching Post and Play Structures
(This is very important to get for your kitty because you do not want her to learn to scratch your furniture. Scratching is a natural habit and you shouldn’t punish er. When you buy a scratching post, make sure it’s one that is sturdy and will not tip off easily. All cats love to climb and getting her a nice cat tree of playhouse will allow her to exercise her natural talent without ransacking your house)
Stain and Odor Remover
(Accidents happen so be prepare to clean up after your kitten. You must remove all traces of urine from carpeting because a kitten will urinate on the same spot again if she scent it.)
Carrier
(When you bring your kitten to visit the vet, you will need a carrier. It is important that you choose one that fits the kitten comfortably and she can stand and turn around easily. You can choose hard sided or soft sided carriers and they come is all shapes and design)
Collar and ID Tag
I hope your cat stays indoor. If she is outdoor, a collar and ID Tag is a must. I am not a huge fan of collar for indoor cat because of the possible risk of strangulation and getting stuck in structures. But it is up to you to make that decision. Choose a breakaway collar if you must.
Toys
(Kitten loves to play and make sure you always supervise her playtime. Favorites are jingle bells, mylar balls, feathered toys, dangling toys, lure toys, and I recommend you try Da Bird and Cat Dancer. They go absolutely crazy for them. Some toys you can make at home. Milk Jug Ring is a hit in all cat household, drinking straws, a wad of paper, etc)
Bed
(Just to remind you, you cannot place a kitten on a bed and expect her to sleep there quietly like a newborn baby. Kittens will choose wherever they want to snooze and the place changes all the time. Just make a simple comfortable bedding for her should she choose to sleep in a bed)
This site is very useful in learning more about taking good care of your kitten. Hope you’ll visit and get more information from there.
Http://cats.about.com/od/kittencare/Kitt…
I hope I’ve covered it all for you. Good Luck and Best Wishes to you and your kitty!
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